ḤAZZAN, ISRAEL MOSES BEN ELIEZER
- ḤAZZAN, ISRAEL MOSES BEN ELIEZER
- ḤAZZAN, ISRAEL MOSES BEN ELIEZER (1808–1863), rabbi and
author. Ḥazzan was born in Smyrna, and in 1811 went with his father to
jerusalem , where he studied in the yeshivah of his grandfather
Joseph Raphael Ḥazzan . In 1842 Israel was appointed a member of
the bet din in Jerusalem and in 1844 journeyed to London as
an emissary of the Jerusalem community. During his stay in London he
wrote a pamphlet, Divrei Shalom ve-Emet, against a pamphlet
issued by the recently established Reform movement in England; and
another pamphlet against the decisions of the Rabbinical Synod at
Brunswick under the title Kinat Ẓiyyon (Amsterdam, 1846). The
same year he joined a group established for the purpose of fighting the
Reform movement. He later went to Rome, where he was appointed rabbi
(1847–54), and interceded on behalf of the Jews of Italy in the court of
Pope Pius IX. From Rome he proceeded to Corfu, where he
was rabbi for five years. He was then invited to alexandria ,
serving as rabbi and av bet din there until the end of 1862.
He then settled in haifa but died in beirut , where he had
gone on account of ill-health. His remains were taken for burial to
Sidon since it was regarded as being within the borders of Ereẓ Israel.
Ḥazzan also wrote Naḥalah le-Yisrael (Vienna, 1851), on the
obligation of deciding laws of inheritance according to Torah;
Kedushat Yom Tov (ibid., 1855), against the attempt in Italy
to abolish the second day of the festivals; and She'-erit
ha-Naḥalah (Alexandria, 1862), a dispute between a merchant and
two emissaries of Ereẓ Israel. It was later combined with the
Naḥalah le-Yisrael (1862) but is part of a work Neẓaḥ
Yisrael, which has remained in manuscript and is an attack on the
Vikku'aḥ al Ḥokhmat ha-Kabbalah of S.D. Luzzatto .
Other works are Iyyei 'ha-Yam, in two parts (pt. 1 Leghorn,
1869; pt. 2 is still in manuscript), a commentary on the responsa of the
geonim, and Kerakh shel Romi (Leghorn, 1876),
responsa. Still in manuscript are Ḥoker Lev, responsa, and
Yismaḥ Lev, sermons preached in Jerusalem and during his
activity as an emissary.
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Frumkin-Rivlin, 3 (1929), 303; A. Galanté, Les Juifs d'Izmir
(1937), 74f.; M.D. Gaon, Yehudei ha-Mizraḥ be-Ereẓ Yisrael, 2
(1938), 251f.; Yaari, Sheluhei, 176f., 729–32.
(Simon Marcus)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
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